New Hampshire Glossary: Black Fly (They're Back!)

Black flies are tiny annoying insects that occur in large numbers in the spring and early summer months in New Hampshire (and other northern states), especially in rural areas.  They breed in our moving water, such as rivers, creeks and streams.

In New Hampshire more than 40 species of black fly call us home (be happy, Alaska has counted more than 100 different species). Only two of the New Hampshire species usually bite human beings–Prosimulium mixtum, and Simulium venustum. Unfortunately, between the two species, they make most of the summer months uncomfortable–the first from May to June or July,while the second during August and September.

Some folks believe that the New Hampshire variety of black flies are big enough to “saddle up and ride,” when in fact at adulthood they measure only about 1/6th of an inch long.

Black flies are active during the day. Their tendency to bite increases as sunset approaches, so dusk is the worst time to be outside. Black flies do not attack at night, and so to best avoid them, do not go outside during the daytime.

Black flies find dark colors (and clothing) more attractive that pale ones, and they prefer blue, black, brown and purple to white or yellow.

To learn more, select one or more of the links below.

Janice

*ADDITIONAL READING*

–Black Flies (UNH Cooperative)–

-Black Flies & Mosquitoes, What Good Are They? (PDF)-

-All you Wanted To Know about Black Flies, and More-

-Some Questions and Answers About Black Flies in Maine
–

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New Hampshire Newspaper Boy

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Black Fly

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Concord NH World War I Heroes, Twin Brothers: Ernest Potter Runnells and Ellsworth Potter Runnells (1894-?)

Likenesses of Ernest P. and Ellsworth P. Runnells, from “One Thousand New Hampshire Notables: Brief Biographical Sketches of New Hampshire Men and Women, Native Or Resident, Prominent in Public, Professional, Business, Educational, Fraternal Or Benevolent Work,” (Google eBook), by Henry Harrison Metcalf, Frances Matilda Abbott, 1919

Twin brothers from New Hampshire were simultaneously decorated with French and American crosses on December 17, 1918, in the only known instance of this occurrence.  Ernest was decorated with the Distinguished Service Cross (American) while Ellsworth received the Croix de Guerre (French). They were the sons of Everett Hazen Runnells (and distant cousins of mine), and were born and raised in Concord New Hampshire.

**FAMILY TREE AND BIOGRAPHIES OF ERNEST & ELLSWORTH POTTER RUNNELLS**

Their father, Everett Hazen Runnells–Farmer and contractor, b. Concord NH on 7 June 1851, son of Deacon Hazen and Sarah E. (Corliss) Runnells; sixth in descent from Sergt. Samuel Runnels, of Bradford, MA, before 1710; fifth in descent from Lieut Samuel Runnells and fourth in descent from Lieut Samuel Runnells Jr. of Boxford MA, both of

Likeness of Ernest Hazen Runnells from One Thousand New Hampshire Notables: Brief Biographical Sketches of New Hampshire Men and Women, Native Or Resident, Prominent in Public, Professional, Business, Educational, Fraternal Or Benevolent Work (Google eBook) by Henry Harrison Metcalf, Frances Matilda Abbott; 1919, page 475

Likeness of Ernest Hazen Runnells from “One Thousand New Hampshire Notables: Brief Biographical Sketches of New Hampshire Men and Women, Native Or Resident, Prominent in Public, Professional, Business, Educational, Fraternal Or Benevolent Work,” (Google eBook) by
Henry Harrison Metcalf, Frances Matilda Abbott; 1919, page 475

whom served in the French and Indian Wars, 1755-56; grandson of Joseph Runnells, who served in the Revolution; educated at Concord schools; on year (1868) at Oberlin College, Ohio; Congregationalist; Republican; supervisor of check list Ward 4, several years; m. Oct. 20, 1880, Clara Frances Potter of East Concord, NH.. She was descended from Robert Potter, Lynn MA 1630, great-granddaughter of Richard Potter, who served in the Revolution under Gen. Sullivan, niece of Gen. Joseph H. Potter, U.S.A. (West Point 1843); children, (1) Clarence Everett, b. Dec 10, 1881; ed. Concord high school; employed by Lynn MA Electric R.R.; m. June 15, 1904 Katharine Isabel McClure, Maynard MA; their children, John Franklin, b. Jan 29, 1909; Maude Frances, Dec 14, 1915; (2) Maude Edith, b. Nov 10, 1886, d. Feb 12, 1897; (3) Morrill Potter, b. Jan 28, 1892; ed Concord schools; foreman in machine shops, U.S. Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH; m. April 8, 1917, Blanche Evelyn Moran, Lowell, Mass; (4 and 5) twin sons, Ernest Potter and Ellsworth Potter, b. April 7, 1894 (see succeeding sketches). Residence, 6 Lyndon St., Concord NH

–ERNEST POTTER RUNNELLS–
Soldier, b. Concord NH Apr 7 1894, died 28 October 1954 in Alameda Co., California ; son of Everett Hazen & Clara Frances (Potter) Runnells (see preceding); ed Concord high school; employed National State Capital Bank; Episcopalian; Republican; entered the U.S. service, July 25, 1917; sailed for France, Oct. 3, 1917; in the Medical Corps of the 26th Division, later in the 101st Ambulance Corps; cited for bravery by Major-Gen C.R. Edwards in the second battle of the Marne, July 18-26, 1918 “for rescuing wounded comrades under heavy enemy fire”; cited by Major-Gen. C.R. Edwards for “exceptionally meritorious service and gallant conduct under a terrific enemy artillery bombardment,” Sept 25 and 26, 1918; decorated with Distinguished Service Cross, (American) Dec. 17, 1918. Residence, 6 Lyndon St., Concord NH. He married 5 May 1920 in Concord NH to Constance H. Trask  and had at three children, Barbara C. Runnells, Patricia A. Runnells., and  Ernest Potter Runnels Jr.  He became an Episcopalian minister, and was rector of Episcopalian parishes in Oregon, California, New Hampshire, and the Canal Zone.  His Oregon service included assignment at Roseburg from 1926 to 1929 and as a general missionary from 1929 to 1931.  According to the Oregonian (Portland OR newspaper) of 31 October 1954, page 16, he “stopped at a roadstand to buy a dozen roses for his ailing wife Thursday night. Minutes later he was killed by a hit-run driver as he returned to his car.” He is buried in Blossom Hill Cemetery, Concord NH.

–ELLSWORTH POTTER RUNNELLS–
Soldier (twin brother to preceding),  son of Everett Hazen and Clara Frances (Potter) Runnells, was b. Concord NH April 7, 1894, and died March 1969. He is buried in Blossom Hill Cemetery, Concord NH; He was educated in Concord (NH) schools; Episcopalian; Republican; member White Mountain Lodge, I.O.O.F.; employed in the People’s Market, 1912-17; entered the U.S. service July 25, 1917; sailed for France, Oct 3, 1917; in the 103d Machine Gun Battalion, 26th Division, 52d Brigade Co. B; decorated with the Croix de Guerre, Dec. 17, 1918, standing beside his twin brother who received the American Cross at the same time  This is believed to be the only instance where twin brothers were simultaneously decorated with French and American crosses during the Great War. He m1) May 14, 1917 Amy Isabel Milton, Penacook NH. Residence, 6 Lyndon Street, Concord NH.  They had one child, Everett P. Runnells Jr., who was born 30 December 1930 and died 1 January 1931, aged 2 days.  He married 2nd) 30 Sept 1943 in Maine to Edith Jane Treloar. She was b. 27 March 1914 in Pembroke NH. They had 2 children: Everett Potter Runnells, who was born 4 November 1946 in Concord NH and died 27 August 1966 in Vietnam while serving in the U.S. Army, and Arlene Kay Runnells.

8/27/1966

Janice

PS: My thanks to Arline Kay (Runnells) Devoid who helped me correct her family information.

Posted in Genealogy, History, Military of New Hampshire, New Hampshire Men | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 10 Comments

New Hampshire Glossary: Lithobolia–The Stone Throwing Devil

Lincoln Devil, from Devils, by J. Charles Wall, Methuen & Co., 1904, internet archive

Lincoln Devil, from the book, Devils, by J. Charles Wall, Methuen & Co., 1904, internet archive

Lithobolia, or the “Stone-Throwing Devil,” was a term used to describe a type of  poltergeist that reportedly harassed a New Castle New Hampshire family, and their houses guests, in 1682. George Walton was the owner of the afflicted property.   Rocks and stones flew against his home, and also inside his house, in addition to the occupants being personal attacked. Objects inside and outside of the house were moved.

The first writer of a story in 1698 (whose initials were R.C., probably Richard Chamberlain, Secretary to the Province of NH) about the occurrences, or “Diabolick Inventions” as he calls them, indicated that the events were perpetrated by an elderly neighbor woman, Hannah Jones, who was suspected of witchcraft.

Hannah (Walford) Jones, was unfortunate in that she owned land that George Walton desired. In 1682 she begged the “advice and relief” of New Hampshire’s President and Council regarding George Walton’s treatment of her.  Hannah was the daughter of Thomas and Jane Walford. Her mother had been tried for witchcraft in 1656 and cleared. She was the perfect target to blame for George Walton’s supposed misery.

The Stone-Throwing Devil disappeared as quickly as it had come.  Oddly it left at the same time that Richard Chamberlain checked out of Walton’s tavern, and when it was time for the family and neighbors to officially be questioned by the authorities.

Janice

**ADDITIONAL READING**

I’ve been informed by Professor Emerson Baker of Salem State College that he has just completed a book about this topic, entitled “The Devil of Great Island.” During the  months of October and November 2007 he will be appearing to promote and sign this book in New Hampshire, Maine and Massachusetts.

Lithobolia or The Stone-Throwing Devil, by John Ward Dean, A.M. (1889) – internet archive

Facebook photograph by Wayne Chase of the George Walton house where the incident reportedly occurred.

–Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648-1706–

–Lithobolia–

-Attack of the Rock Throwing Devil- Seacoast.com

—————————-
WALTON FAMILY – “the afflicted”
George Walton was born abt 1615 in northern England, and died about 20 February 1686 in New Castle NH. He married abt 1642 in Exeter NH to Alice Hilton. She was born abt 1617 in Northwick, Cheshire England and d at 1685 in New Castle NH. They were Quakers. According to a story written in 1698, they were reportedly harrassed in 1682 by a lithobolia, or stone-throwing devil.
Children of George & Alice (Hilton) Walton:
1. child Walton, b. New Castle NH, d. 5 May 1657 New Castle NH
2. Martha Walton, b. abt 1642; m. 22 Oct 1662 in New Castle NH to Edward West
3. Dorcas Walton, b. abt 1644 in Dover NH; d. abt 1685 in Kittery, York Co ME. She m. abt 1666 in Portsmouth NH to Samuel Treworgye.
4. Mary Walton, b. abt 1646 in Great Island (New Castle) NH. She d. abt 1679 in New Castle NH. She married abt 1678 in New Castle NH to Samuel Robie.
5. George Walton,, b. in New Castle NH; he died about 1679.
6. child Walton, b. abt 1651
7. Shadrack Walton, b. abt 1657 in Great Island (New Castle) NH, and died 3 Oct 1741 in Portsmouth NH; he married abt 1685 to Mary Nutter; had issue, Shadrack, George, Elizabeth, Mary, Abigail and Sarah.
8. Abishaq Walton, b. abt 1678 in Portsmouth NH; married Robert Taprill.

——————————–
WALFORD FAMILY-“the accused” [These are my 9th great-grandparents].
Thomas Walford, migrated 1628 or earlier, first colonial residence was in Charlestown MA.  About 1634 he moves to the Piscataqua area.  Born about 1599 based on estimated date of marriage, and died in Portsmouth NH between 15 Nov 1666 (date of will) and 21 Nov 1666 (date of inventory) He was a blacksmith.  He married before 1624 to Jane –. She was born about 1598 (deposed 27 June 1677 aged sixty-nine [NHPP 31:89, 40:226]). She died by 7 September 1681 when her daughters petitioned the probate court [NHPP 31:92]   In 1656 Goodwife Jane Walford was brought before the Count of Associates on the complaint of Susannah Trimmings, wife of Oliver Trimmings of Little Harbor, Piscataqua, charged with witchcraft. Mrs. Trimmings testimony related a story including that Jane had changed into the shape of a cat. Jane was acquitted. Note: Great Island is another term for New Castle, but sometimes also used to describe part of what is now Portsmouth NH.
Children of Thomas & Jane (–) Walford:
1. Jane Walford, b. at Great Island abt 1624, d. aft July 1686 in Portsmouth NH.  She m1)  abt 1644 to Thomas Peverly; m2) by 1681 to Richard Goss
2. Jeremiah Walford, b. abt 1628 in Charlestown MA, d. 21 Apr 1660 in Great Island NH. He resided New Castle NH. His will mentions his wife Mary, and his four children, Mary, Thomas, Jeremiah and Martha. His widow married 2nd) John Amazeen.
3. *Hannah Walford, b. at Great Island, d. aft 1688 in Great Island (New Castle) NH. She married Alexander Jones, and had 7 children [JONES]: Jeremiah, Samuel, Sarah, Cornelius, William, Thomas and Daniel.
4. Elizabeth Walford, b. at Great Island, d. 13 Nov 1708/1709 Portsmouth NH; m. Henry Savage. Had children [SAVAGE]: Mary, Esther, John and Deborah
5. Mary Walford, b. abt 1630/35 in Great Island, d. in Portsmouth NH; m. William Brookings; had issue [BROOKINGS]: Rebecca, Sarah, Martha, Mary and Grace. She married 2nd) William Walker.
6. Martha Walford, b. abt 1645 in Great Island; she married 1) Thomas Hinkson; m2) John Westbrook; had issue by each husband.
7. Sarah Walford, b. in Great Island; married Michael Hicks. Resided iN Greeland NH; Had issue [HICKS]: Michael, Mary, Sarah and Samuel

[Editor’s Note: Previously I had listed the surname of Thomas Walford’s wife as GUY.  I am unable to show any primary evidence that this is true, and I defer to the “Great Migration” publication that it is still unknown.  Thank you to those who commented and brought this to my attention.]

[Story and links updated January 2014]

Posted in Haunted New Hampshire, History, New Hampshire Glossary | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 10 Comments